Broadly conical, deciduous. Vigorous growth and good form. Habitat beside rivers and will grow in very wet places. Tolerates salt winds better than the other alders. Good firewood crop to utilise wet ground. Timber durable under water.

NZ native. Robust, erect, broad silvery leaves drooping at the tip. Orange fruits in the centre of the clump. Occurs on wet peaty soils, but will grow in drier conditions.

Bushy grey-green stout branched compact shrub. Leaves leathery 2-4cm long, dark green, white beneath, margins upcurved, wavy. Flowers daisy-like furry with yellow radiating petals in single or small clusters Jan & Feb. Naturally uncommon. Growing on limestone cliffs around Castlepoint, Wairarapa. Withstands strong, drying and salt laden winds, an attractive shrub.

E. Mediterranean region. Broadly spreading, deciduous. Masses of mauve pea-like flowers in clusters along the old shoots, branches and trunk before the leaves emerge. Very impressive. Tolerates dry sites.